Sunday 27 May 2012

GLOSSARY of TERMS

A glossary of some general orchid terms can be found on the following link.  The list is not specific to cymbidiums and is not comprehensive for cymbidiums.
http://www.taisucoamerica.com/orchid-information/glossary-of-orchid-terms/



Alvin Clip

Multipurpose plastic hook used for hooking strings to the overhead wires or for attaching the string to the base of the spike.


Aphid
 Insect which can cause damage to cymbidium flowers, particularly pinks, in the form of blotching. Aphids may also spread virus from one plant to another.

Auction
Generally refers to New Zealand cymbidiums sold in Japan where the price to the grower is not specified before sale.  This is also referred to as "consignment" sale.  Many of the cymbidiums marketed in this way are sold prior to auction but not prior to shipping.

Banded Lip
Used to describe where the lip of the labellum has a solid band of colour (normally red or pink) as opposed to dots. Refer also spotted lip, busy lip and pure colour lip.


Bark

Growing media for cymbidiums made from pine bark - comes in various grades depending on particle size and the degree of processing (screening). Is sometimes supplied mixed with dolomite or lime to reduce the acidity. Nitrogen fertiliser is sometimes added to fresh bark to promote aging. The quality of bark varies greatly depending on the age of the tree and the degree of screening to remove fines, cambium and wood chips.



Bent Stem
Bends in the spike's stems are cause by spikes being tied too late. Badly bent stems are unsuitable for commercial sale and mildly bent stems are difficult to pack and are downgraded to AA or "Extra" grade.



Bird Damage
The main damage caused by birds is scratch marks on the back of the sepals which occurs when the birds are feeding on the "sugar" released by the nectaries at the base of the flower. Some birds can also damage open cymbidium flowers by pecking off the pollen cap.

Busy Lip
Used to describe the lip of the labellum when there are many dots. (refer also spotted lip, banded lip and pure colour lip).


Column (gynostemium)
Central part of orchid flower situated above the labellum.  It contains both the male and female reproductive parts.  The following link contains a more detailed description.

Controlled Release Fertiliser
Controlled release fertiliser has the nutrients contained inside a prill with a permeable membrane coating.  The soil temperature and thickness of the coating determines how quickly the nutrients will be released. Nutrient release rates are specified for a soil temperature of 20 degrees centigrade. Controlled release fertilisers applied in autumn  therefore have a longer release period than the equivalent fertiliser applied in the spring.  Some common brands of controlled release fertiliser are Osmocote, Plantacote and Nutricote.

Intermediate Cymbidium
Intermediate cymbidiums are sized between minis and standards.  For export purposes they are normally classified as minis.

Labellum
Modified petal in the middle of the flower (cymbidium flowers have three sepals and three petals the third one of which is modified to form the labellum). "Orchid flowers are unusual because they are bilaterally symmetrical, in contrast to the radially symmetrical flowers of most other lilioid monocotyledons." (source: http://www.kew.org/science/orchids/research.html )

Pure Colour Lip
Used to describe the lip of the labellum that does not have red or pink markings. Refer also banded lip,spotted lip and busy lip.


Slow Release Fertiliser
Slow release fertiliser is fertiliser made from less soluble salts so that it takes longer than regular fertiliser to become available to the plant. refer also "controlled release fertiliser"

Spotted Lip
Used to describe the lip of the labellum that has spots rather than a solid band. Refer also banded lip, busy lip and pure colour lip.






Standard Cymbidium
Standard Cymbidium varieties bred from the original hybrids with large flowers on upright inflorescences. Approximate size ## to ## mm diameter. Note this is not an international classification.  In South Australia for instance standard cymbidiums are further split into two groups, large and small and the intermediate category is retained.



Vernalisation
The promotion of flowering by exposure of plants to cold, non-freezing temperatures. (The process by which some plants identify the winter period.)